Theologicae regulae
Alan of Lille (1120–1202)
Alan's theological rules, wherein he sets forth over a hundred concise maxims.
Prologus I: Theologicae regulae
Regula I: Monas est, qua quaelibet res est una.
Regula II: In supercoelesti unitas, in coelesti alteritas, in subcoelesti pluralitas.
Regula III: Monas gignit monadem, et in se suum reflectit ardorem.
Regula IV: In Patre unitas, in Filio aequalitas, in Spiritu sancto unitatis aequalitatisque connexio.
Regula V: Sola monas est alpha et omega sine alpha et omega.
Regula VI: Omne limitatum alpha et omega aut est bonum ab alpha, aut est bonum ab alpha et omega.
Regula VII: Deus est spaera intelligibilis, cujus centrum ubique, circumferentia nusquam.
Regula VIII: Deus est cui quidlibet quod est, est esse omne quod est.
Regula IX: Quidquid est in Deo, Deus est.
Regula X: Omnis praedicatio de Creatore facta, copulata est atque conjuncta.
Regula XI: Omne simplex esse suum, et id quod est, unum habet.
Regula XII: Nullum simplex subjectum esse potest.
Regula XIII: Solum simplex est forma absque materiali subjecto, et substantia absque formali praedicato.
Regula XIV: Omne esse ex forma est.
Regula XV: Ejus, quod est esse, nullum est esse.
Regula XVI: Sola forma informis est, quia formae non est forma.
Regula XVII: Omne nomen datum ex forma, dictum de forma, cadit a forma.
Regula XVIII: Omnes affirmationes de Deo dictae incompactae, negationes vero verae.
Regula XIX: Omne simplex alio est, et alio dicitur esse.
Regula XX: Omne simplex proprie est, et improprie dicitur esse.
Regula XXI: Omne nomen Deo conveniens convenit ei vel causative, vel similitudinarie, vel adjective, vel negative.
Regula XXII: Omni theologica praedicatione ostenditur Deus esse quid, vel ad quid.
Regula XXIII: Omnis terminus, qui de Deo dicitur secundum substantiam, de tribus personis dicitur singillatim, et in singulari numero; et de tribus in summa, et in singulari numero.
Every term which is said of God according to substance is said of the three persons individually, and in the singular number; and of the three together, and in the singular number.
Two things are to be understood in what is said "according to substance," namely the property of signifying; for in order that a name be said to be said according to substance, two things concur, namely that it signify substance, or circumstance, and that it have a substantial mode of signifying, that is, signify substantively. We call the divine essence "substance"; the circumstance of substance we call a relation attached to the essence. For there are relations attached to the hypostases, as paternity, filiation, procession. There are relations attached to the essence, which are signified by these terms: principle, Lord, maker, creator, author. Whatever term, then, signifies substance, or circumstance of substance, and this in a substantive mode, is said of the three persons individually, and in the singular number, etc. For example, this name "God" signifies substance, and in a substantive mode: wherefore it can be said of the three individually, and in the singular number, so that it is said: the Father is God; the Son is God; the Holy Spirit is God. And of all three together, and in the singular number, as, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are God. Likewise this name, "principle," signifies a relation attached to substance, and this, in a substantive mode, is said of the three persons in the aforesaid manner. Now we add "in a substantive mode" for this reason, because names signifying substance, or circumstance of substance, if they are held adjectivally, as this name, powerful, this name, just, are said of the three persons together, in the plural number, as, the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit are just, are powerful.