Theologicae regulae
Alan of Lille (1120–1202)
Alan's theological rules, wherein he sets forth over a hundred concise maxims.
Prologus I: Theologicae regulae
Regula I: Monas est, qua quaelibet res est una.
Regula II: In supercoelesti unitas, in coelesti alteritas, in subcoelesti pluralitas.
Regula III: Monas gignit monadem, et in se suum reflectit ardorem.
Regula IV: In Patre unitas, in Filio aequalitas, in Spiritu sancto unitatis aequalitatisque connexio.
Regula V: Sola monas est alpha et omega sine alpha et omega.
Regula VI: Omne limitatum alpha et omega aut est bonum ab alpha, aut est bonum ab alpha et omega.
Regula VII: Deus est spaera intelligibilis, cujus centrum ubique, circumferentia nusquam.
Regula VIII: Deus est cui quidlibet quod est, est esse omne quod est.
Regula IX: Quidquid est in Deo, Deus est.
Regula X: Omnis praedicatio de Creatore facta, copulata est atque conjuncta.
Regula XI: Omne simplex esse suum, et id quod est, unum habet.
Regula XII: Nullum simplex subjectum esse potest.
Regula XIII: Solum simplex est forma absque materiali subjecto, et substantia absque formali praedicato.
Regula XIV: Omne esse ex forma est.
Regula XV: Ejus, quod est esse, nullum est esse.
Regula XVI: Sola forma informis est, quia formae non est forma.
Regula XVII: Omne nomen datum ex forma, dictum de forma, cadit a forma.
Regula XVIII: Omnes affirmationes de Deo dictae incompactae, negationes vero verae.
Regula XIX: Omne simplex alio est, et alio dicitur esse.
Regula XX: Omne simplex proprie est, et improprie dicitur esse.
Regula XXI: Omne nomen Deo conveniens convenit ei vel causative, vel similitudinarie, vel adjective, vel negative.
Every name fitting to God fits him either causatively, or by way of likeness, or adjectively, or negatively.
This too is born of the preceding rule. For since no name properly belongs to God, it is necessary that a name spoken of him be said in this or that manner, since also in natural things every name which is transferred from its proper signification is transferred by one of the aforesaid modes. There are, then, certain names which belong to God through cause, as just, pious, strong; some through likeness, as Father, Son, splendor, image; some by reason of an adjunct, as to be angry, to repent. To be angry is attributed to God by reason of an adjunct, namely by reason of punishment: for punishment is wont to be joined to anger. Likewise to repent is attributed to God by reason of an adjunct, that is, of a change of work: for a change of work is wont to be joined to repentance. For God is said to repent, because he changes the work; to be angry, because he punishes. Whence Claudius Claudianus, in the book On the Soul: God is said to repent, not by the affect of passion, but by the effect that follows. Negatively, as when it is said that God withdraws grace, or hardens someone. For to withdraw grace is nothing other than not to continue it; to harden, than not to bestow grace. Whence the authority says that God hardened the heart of Pharaoh, not by imparting malice, but by not bestowing grace. Now those names which are said of God through cause are said of God according to substance; but the rest are for the most part said of God relatively.