Universa Philosophia
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641)
First published 1624
Hurtado de Mendoza, Universa Philosophia (Lyon 1624): the Summulae and the Logica through Disputatio VII, with an original English translation. The rest of the work follows in later append batches.
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Summulae
Instruction for the Beginner on the Method of Argument
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
Disputatio I. On the Terms of Propositions, and Their Union.
Aristoteles primo Physicorum
Sectio I. What Are Subject, Predicate, and Union?
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
Sectio II. The Definition of Terms.
§ 5
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Sectio III. On Vocal, Written, and Mental Terms.
§ 21
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Sectio IV. On Significant and Non-Significant Terms.
§ 27
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Signum significativum ad placitum
Sectio V. Divisions of the Mental Term.
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Sectio VI. On Universal, Particular, Confused, and Determinate, Superior, and Inferior Terms.
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Sectio VII. On Transcendent and Non-Transcendent Terms.
§ 67
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Sectio VIII. On Univocal, Equivocal, and Analogous Terms.
§ 69
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Sectio IX. On Absolute and Connotative Terms.
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Sectio X. On Categorematic and Syncategorematic Terms.
§ 88
Dices categorematicos significare
§ 90
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Sectio XI. Concrete, Abstract, Complex, and Incomplex; Copulative and Non-Copulative Terms.
§ 93
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Sectio XII. On Negative and Non-Negative Terms: Contrary and Contradictory.
§ 104
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§ 108
Sectio XIII. On Terms of First and Second Intention: Pertinent and Impertinent.
§ 109
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Disputatio II. On the Properties of Terms.
Sectio I. On Supposition.
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
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Sectio II. Formal and Material Supposition.
§ 11
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Sectio III. Simple and Personal Supposition.
§ 13
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Sectio IV. Common and Singular Supposition.
§ 21
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Sectio V. Distributive, Copulate, Determinate, Natural, and Accidental Supposition.
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Sectio VI. On Ascent and Descent.
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Sectio VII. On Ampliation, Restriction, Alienation, and Diminution.
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Sectio VIII. On Appellation.
§ 50
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Disputatio III. On Speech, Its Parts, and Division.
Sectio I. On the Noun.
§ 1
§ 2
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Sectio II. On the Verb.
§ 12
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Sectio III. On Speech.
§ 19
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Disputatio IV. On the Proposition.
Sectio I. I Define the Proposition.
§ 1
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§ 3
Sectio II. On the Matter, Quality, and Quantity of the Proposition.
§ 4
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Sectio III. Categorical, Hypothetical, Complex, and Incomplex Propositions.
§ 7
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Sectio IV. On the Equipollence of Simple Propositions.
§ 13
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Sectio V. On the Conversion of the Simple Proposition.
§ 15
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Sectio VI. On the Opposition of the Simple Proposition.
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Sectio VII. The Preceding Doctrine and the Rules of Opposites Explained.
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Sectio VIII. On the Modal Proposition.
§ 34
=== ENGLISH Wonderful was the genius of Peter of Spain, who surpassed Aristotle in handing down the doctrine of the modal proposition in bk. 1 of the Summulae ch. 13, which I shall try to explain clearly and briefly, omitting the trifles and tricks of the Summulists, by which they captiously delude the minds of beginners and deter them. This disputation is made difficult enough by so great a multiplicity of words, so that darkness is deliberately poured upon darkness. For neither do the towers of Cyzicus, or the porticoes of Olympia, resound with echo so many times from reflected voices, as often as a modal proposition is doubled. For if those words strike back twice seven times, the modes are refracted twice eight times, striking the ears of the audience and disturbing the mind: but I shall try to give the reason of the common doctrine, which I think is not altogether easy.