Universa Philosophia
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641)
First published 1624
Hurtado de Mendoza, Universa Philosophia (Lyon 1624): the Summulae and the Logica through Disputatio VII, with an original English translation. The rest of the work follows in later append batches.
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Summulae
Instruction for the Beginner on the Method of Argument
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
Disputatio I. On the Terms of Propositions, and Their Union.
Aristoteles primo Physicorum
Sectio I. What Are Subject, Predicate, and Union?
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
Sectio II. The Definition of Terms.
§ 5
§ 6
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§ 11
§ 12
§ 13
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Sectio III. On Vocal, Written, and Mental Terms.
§ 21
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Sectio IV. On Significant and Non-Significant Terms.
§ 27
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§ 35
Signum significativum ad placitum
Sectio V. Divisions of the Mental Term.
§ 37
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§ 41
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§ 43
Sectio VI. On Universal, Particular, Confused, and Determinate, Superior, and Inferior Terms.
§ 44
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Sectio VII. On Transcendent and Non-Transcendent Terms.
§ 67
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Sectio VIII. On Univocal, Equivocal, and Analogous Terms.
§ 69
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Sectio IX. On Absolute and Connotative Terms.
§ 74
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§ 80
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Sectio X. On Categorematic and Syncategorematic Terms.
§ 88
Dices categorematicos significare
§ 90
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Sectio XI. Concrete, Abstract, Complex, and Incomplex; Copulative and Non-Copulative Terms.
§ 93
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Sectio XII. On Negative and Non-Negative Terms: Contrary and Contradictory.
§ 104
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Sectio XIII. On Terms of First and Second Intention: Pertinent and Impertinent.
§ 109
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§ 111
Disputatio II. On the Properties of Terms.
Sectio I. On Supposition.
§ 1
§ 2
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Sectio II. Formal and Material Supposition.
§ 11
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Sectio III. Simple and Personal Supposition.
§ 13
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§ 16
§ 17
Hence it is gathered why in universal personal supposition there is place for descent through the inferiors under the same word, but otherwise in simple supposition: for homo est animal has this descent, Petrus est animal, Paulus est animal; but this homo est species does not have this descent Petrus est species, Paulus est species. The reason a priori: because in personal supposition there is signified what belongs to the common account on the side of reality or primarily intentionally. But thus all those things belong to the inferiors contained under that common account, as to every animal it belongs to be sensible, because on the side of reality this belongs to animal as such: but in simple supposition there is signified what belongs to the thing secondarily intentionally from the mode of conceiving; but this mode is different regarding common and particular accounts: because regarding the former it is confused, and regarding the latter clear; but the properties of a confused mode cannot belong to a clear mode. Thus this proposition Petrus est species is false, because the human species supposits for individuals confusedly known, but Peter for an individual clearly known.