Universa Philosophia
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641)
First published 1624
Hurtado de Mendoza, Universa Philosophia (Lyon 1624): the Summulae and the Logica through Disputatio VII, with an original English translation. The rest of the work follows in later append batches.
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Summulae
Instruction for the Beginner on the Method of Argument
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
Disputatio I. On the Terms of Propositions, and Their Union.
Aristoteles primo Physicorum
Sectio I. What Are Subject, Predicate, and Union?
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
Sectio II. The Definition of Terms.
§ 5
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Sectio III. On Vocal, Written, and Mental Terms.
§ 21
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§ 26
Sectio IV. On Significant and Non-Significant Terms.
§ 27
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§ 35
Signum significativum ad placitum
Sectio V. Divisions of the Mental Term.
§ 37
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§ 43
Sectio VI. On Universal, Particular, Confused, and Determinate, Superior, and Inferior Terms.
§ 44
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Sectio VII. On Transcendent and Non-Transcendent Terms.
§ 67
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Sectio VIII. On Univocal, Equivocal, and Analogous Terms.
§ 69
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§ 72
§ 73
Note that things which are equivocal under one name can be univocal under another. For example. The terrestrial and marine canis are equivocal under the concept and word Canis: but univocal under the concept of animal, because Canis signifies no character common to both, which nevertheless animal signifies. Likewise a word which is equivocal in comparison with several things can be univocal in respect of others, as Canis is an equivocal word compared with a fish and a terrestrial animal, but is univocal in comparison with terrestrial dogs, because it signifies the character of the terrestrial dog, and so also compared with marine dogs. The same happens with analogical terms.