Universa Philosophia
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641)
First published 1624
Hurtado de Mendoza, Universa Philosophia (Lyon 1624): the Summulae and the Logica through Disputatio VII, with an original English translation. The rest of the work follows in later append batches.
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Summulae
Instruction for the Beginner on the Method of Argument
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
Disputatio I. On the Terms of Propositions, and Their Union.
Aristoteles primo Physicorum
Sectio I. What Are Subject, Predicate, and Union?
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
Sectio II. The Definition of Terms.
§ 5
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§ 11
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§ 13
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Sectio III. On Vocal, Written, and Mental Terms.
§ 21
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Sectio IV. On Significant and Non-Significant Terms.
§ 27
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§ 35
This sign is divided into the significative at will and the purely naturally significative, and not at will. The purely naturally significative sign does not lead into cognition of another thing, except of its own causes, and that from its nature everywhere in the world and among peoples. Thus every spoken word and writing is a natural sign of the writer and of the speaker. The logician cares little about these signs, because propositions are rarely made from them, demonstrations most rarely; indeed there is no need for him to deal with them, but with those which take the place of mental propositions, and from these non-significative [signs] they naturally signify mental propositions concerned with those things whose powers they themselves bear: as in this blytiri non significat ad placitum; the [word] blytiri is supposed for a concept of the mind terminated at the very word blytiri.