Universa Philosophia
Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641)
First published 1624
Hurtado de Mendoza, Universa Philosophia (Lyon 1624): the Summulae and the Logica through Disputatio VII, with an original English translation. The rest of the work follows in later append batches.
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Summulae
Instruction for the Beginner on the Method of Argument
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
Disputatio I. On the Terms of Propositions, and Their Union.
Aristoteles primo Physicorum
Sectio I. What Are Subject, Predicate, and Union?
§ 1
§ 2
§ 3
§ 4
Sectio II. The Definition of Terms.
§ 5
§ 6
§ 7
§ 8
§ 9
§ 10
§ 11
§ 12
§ 13
§ 14
§ 15
Villalpando, in book 1, chapter 1, says that a term is a sign that can be placed in a proposition. This definition fits a term in a hypothetical proposition too, but is infected with two defects. First, it applies to the union, which I showed in § 6 is not a term. Next, it applies to many things that are neither terms nor parts of a proposition. For example, in I and Peter love God, God is placed in the proposition as a sign, yet it is not a term, because it is neither the subject—nothing is predicated of it—nor the predicate, since the predicate must be the same as the subject, nor the union, as is clear. Therefore it is not a part of the proposition. But it is agreed that a term must be a part of a proposition. Therefore. I prove the minor premise: every term is an extreme of something, or at least is contained within it.