De visione Dei

Nicholas of Cusa

De visione Dei

Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464)

De visione Dei sive de icona

De visione Dei, or De icona (On the Vision of God, 1453), addressed to the Benedictines of Tegernsee: seeing God through the icon that gazes on all. Latin transcribed from the 1514 Paris Opera; English translation new.


Letter to the Abbot and Brethren of Tegernsee

Preface

Capitulum I: That the perfection of appearance holds true of the most perfect God

Capitulum II: That absolute sight embraces all modes

Capitulum III: That the things said of God do not really differ

Capitulum IV: God's vision bespeaks providence, grace, and eternal life

Capitulum V: O how great the multitude of your sweetness

Capitulum VI: On facial vision

Capitulum VII: What fruit facial vision bears

Capitulum VIII: How seeing God is loving

Capitulum IX: How God is universal and particular together

Capitulum X: How God is seen beyond the coincidence of contradictories

Capitulum XI: How succession is seen in God without succession

Capitulum XII: Where the invisible is seen, the uncreated is created

Capitulum XIII: God is seen as absolute infinity

Capitulum XIV: How God enfolds all things without otherness

Capitulum XV: How actual infinity is unity

Capitulum XVI: Unless God were infinite He would not be the end of desire

Capitulum XVII: God can be perfectly seen only as triune

Capitulum XVIII: Unless God were triune there would be no happiness

Capitulum XIX: How Jesus is the union of God and man

How Jesus is the union of God and man. I render unspeakable thanks to you, God, the life and light of my soul. For I now see the faith which the catholic church holds by the revelation of the apostles. How namely you, loving God, beget from yourself the lovable God, and that you, begotten lovable God, are the absolute mediator. For through you is all that is, and can be. For you, willing or loving God, enfold all things in yourself, lovable God. For all that you, God, will or conceive is enfolded in you, lovable God. For nothing can exist unless you will it to exist. All things therefore have the cause or reason of existing in your lovable concept. Nor is there any other cause of all things except that so it pleases you. Nothing pleases the lover as lover except the lovable. You therefore, lovable God, are the son of the loving God the father. For in you is all the delight of the father. So all creatable being is enfolded in you, lovable God. You therefore, loving God, since from you comes the lovable God as son from father, in this that you are loving God the father, of your lovable God the son, are the father of all things that are. For your concept is the son, and all things in him. And your union, and your concept is the act and operation arising, in which is the act and unfolding of all things. As therefore from you, loving God, is begotten the lovable God, which begetting is conception, so there proceeds from you, loving God, and your lovable concept begotten by you, your act and your concept, which is the binding bond, and the God uniting you and your concept. Just as loving unites lover and beloved in love, and this bond, is named spirit. For spirit is as motion proceeding from mover and movable. Whence motion is the unfolding of the concept of the mover. All things therefore are unfolded in you, holy spirit God, as they are conceived in you, son God. I see therefore, since you, God, so illuminate me, how all things are in you, son God of father God, as in reason, concept, cause, or exemplar. And how the son is the mean of all things, because he is reason. For through the medium of reason and wisdom, you, father God, work all things. And spirit or motion, puts the concept of reason into effect. As we experience: the ark is put into effect in the mind of the craftsman through the medium of the motive power which is in the hands.

I see then, my God, your son to be the mean of the union of all things, so that all things rest in you, through the medium of your son. And I see blessed Jesus, son of man, united most highly to your son, and that the son of man could not be united to you, father God, except through the medium of your son, the absolute mediator.

Who is not caught up most highly, beholding these things more attentively? For you, my God, open to me, wretched, such a secret, that I behold man unable, to understand you the father, except in your son who is intelligible and mediator. And that to understand you is to be united to you. Man therefore can be united to you through your son, who is the mean of union. And human nature united to you most highly, in whatever man this shall be, cannot be united more than the mean to which it is united. For without the mean it cannot be united to you. It is united therefore to the mean most highly, yet it does not become the mean. Whence although it cannot become the mean, since without the mean it cannot be united to you, yet it is so joined to the absolute mean, that between it and your son who is the absolute mean, nothing can mediate. For if anything could mediate between human nature and the absolute mean, then it would not be united to you most highly.

O good Jesus, I see in you human nature joined most highly to father God through the most high union by which it is joined to son God, the absolute mediator. Human sonship therefore, because you are son of man, is united most highly in you Jesus to divine sonship, so that you are deservedly called son of God and of man. Since in you nothing mediates between son of man and son of God. In the absolute sonship which is the son of God all sonship is enfolded. To which sonship your human sonship, Jesus, is supremely united. Your human sonship therefore subsists in the divine, not only enfoldedly, but as the attracted in the attracting, and the united in the uniting, and the substantiated in the substantiated. There is therefore no possible separation of son of man from son of God in you Jesus. For separability comes from this, that the union could have been greater. But where the union cannot be greater, nothing can mediate. Separation therefore will have no place there where nothing can mediate between the united. But where the united does not subsist in the uniting, the union is not most high. For greater is the union where the united subsists in the uniting than where the united subsists separately. For separation is removal from the greatest union.

So I see in you, my Jesus, how the human sonship by which you are son of man, subsists in the divine sonship by which you are son of God, as in the greatest union the united in the uniting. To you glory, God, forever.

Capitulum XX: How Jesus is understood as the bond

Capitulum XXI: Without Jesus happiness is not possible

Capitulum XXII: How Jesus saw and worked

Capitulum XXIII: How Jesus died, the union with life remaining

Capitulum XXIV: How Jesus is the word of life

Capitulum XXV: How Jesus is the consummation

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