De planctu naturae

Alan of Lille

De planctu naturae

Alan of Lille (1120–1202)

Alan of Lille's De planctu naturae ("The Complaint of Nature") is a twelfth-century Latin prosimetrum in which personified Nature laments human disorder and the misuse of sexuality and language. Probably composed around the 1160s–1170s, it joins Boethian consolation, Chartrian cosmology, Christian moral critique, and elaborate rhetoric. Its allegory helped shape later medieval representations of Natura, especially Jean de Meun's continuation of the Roman de la Rose and the tradition that reaches Chaucer. Schola presents the Latin text with an English translation.


Chapter I: In lacrymas risus

Chapter II: Cum hanc elegiam

Chapter III: Illic forma rosae

Chapter IV: Haec vestium ornamenta

Chapter V: Floriger horrentem Zephyrus

Chapter VI: Hac igitur amoenantis

Chapter VII: O Dei proles

Chapter VIII: Praefata igitur virgo

Chapter IX: Pax odio, fraudique

Chapter X: Heu, quam praecipiti

"Alas, with what headlong step does Virtue, overcome beneath vice, labor toward ruin? Every semblance of Virtue exults no more, the reins of madness are loosed by vice, the Lucifer of justice grows faint; scarcely does even a shadow of its shadow survive, and it mourns the extinguished star of its own honor, lacking light, abounding in night, while the lightning of crimes flashes across the world, the night of fraud clouds over the south wind: yet no stars of the virtues redeem the abyss of this night, the evening of faith settles upon the world, and the nocturnal chaos of fraud abounds. Faith grows faint through fraud, and fraud too deceives fraud with fraud, so guile presses upon guile, the world's customs lack the custom of custom, laws lack law, and right of its own tenor loses its rights; now without right does every right come to be, law thrives without law. The world degenerates; already the golden ages of the world degenerate; the world is now clothed by the poverty of iron, whom once nobility clothed in gold; now, now hypocrisy is what frauds seek as a cloak, and the reeking stench of crimes, that it may lend a cloak to its depraved odor, seeks for itself the balsams of the virtues. So the nettle cloaks the poverty of its form with roses, seaweed with hyacinths, dross with silver, dye with purple, so that faces may sometimes redeem their crimes. But crime strips off all its trappings, nor does it color itself with the light of justice: for vice glosses itself openly, fraud itself becomes the tongue of its own madness. What safety remains, when guile arms even mothers against their own flesh? When brotherly love labors under fraud, and the right hand lies to its sister? The right of honesty is reckoned reprobate, to observe the honest, and the law of piety, is dishonesty; to be chaste is now, for all, a shame. Without shame, the man who is not human strips himself of human practices. Degenerate, then, he puts on the degenerate acts of the beast, and thus, unmanning himself, is to be unmanned."

Chapter XI: Jam ex hoc

Chapter XII: Ad haec ergo

Chapter XIII: Postquam sacra fames

Chapter XIV: Ecce habes quomodo

Chapter XV: Ne te gulosae

Chapter XVI: Cum in hanc

Chapter XVII: Jam tuba terribili

Chapter XVIII: Igitur Hymenaeo mysticae

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