De docta ignorantia

Nicholas of Cusa

De docta ignorantia

Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464)

De docta ignorantia (On Learned Ignorance, 1440), in three books: the absolute maximum (God), the contracted maximum (universe), and Jesus Christ. Latin text transcribed from the Rotta 1913 Bari edition.


Prologue

Liber primus

Capitulum I: Book One: How Knowing Is Being Ignorant.

Capitulum II: Book One: Preliminary Elucidation of What Follows.

Capitulum III: Book One: That Precise Truth Is Incomprehensible.

Capitulum IV: Book One: The Absolute Maximum Is Understood Incomprehensibly, with Which the Minimum Coincides.

Capitulum V: Book One: The Maximum Is One.

Capitulum VI: Book One: The Maximum Is Absolute Necessity.

Capitulum VII: Book One: On the Threefold and One Eternity.

Capitulum VIII: Book One: On the Eternal Generation.

Capitulum IX: Book One: On the Eternal Procession of the Connexion.

Capitulum X: Book One: How the Understanding of the Trinity in Unity Surpasses All Things.

Capitulum XI: Book One: That Mathematics Aids Us Greatly in the Apprehension of Diverse Divine Things.

Capitulum XII: Book One: How Mathematical Signs Are to Be Used in This Inquiry.

Capitulum XIII: Book One: On the Properties of the Maximal and Infinite Line.

Capitulum XIV: Book One: How the Infinite Line Is a Triangle.

Capitulum XV: Book One: That That Triangle Is a Circle and a Sphere.

Capitulum XVI: Book One: How the Maximum Stands Translatively to All Things, as the Greatest Line Stands to Lines.

Capitulum XVII: Book One: The Profoundest Doctrines from the Same Source.

Capitulum XVIII: Book One: How from the Same Source We Are Led by the Hand to the Understanding of the Participation of Beingness.

Capitulum XIX: Book One: The Transfer of the Triangle to the Greatest Trinity.

Capitulum XX: Book One: Still Concerning the Trinity, and That Quaternity and Beyond Are Not Possible in Divine Things.

Capitulum XXI: Book One: The Transfer of the Infinite Circle to Unity.

We have a few things concerning the greatest triangle; let us likewise add concerning the infinite circle. The circle is the perfect figure of unity and simplicity. And it has already been shown above that the triangle is a circle. And thus trinity is unity. But this unity is infinite, as the infinite circle. Hence it is, if one may speak so, more one or more identical than every expressible unity and apprehensible by us, through infinity. For so great is the identity there that it even antecede all relative oppositions, since there other and diverse are not opposed to identity. Hence since the maximum is of infinite unity, then all things which befit it are itself without diversity and otherness, so that its goodness is not other than its wisdom, but the same. For every diversity in it is identity. Hence its power, since it is, so to speak, most one, is also most strong and most infinite. So great indeed is its most-one duration that the past is not other than the future, and the future is not other than the present in it, but they are a most-one duration or eternity without beginning and end; for there is so much in its principle that the end too is in its principle. But all these things the infinite circle without beginning and end shows: eternal, indivisibly, most one, most capacious. And since that circle is greatest, its diameter is also greatest. And since there cannot be several maxima, that most-one circle is infinite in that diameter is circumference. But the diameter of the infinite has an infinite middle. But the middle is the center. It is evident, therefore, that center, diameter and circumference are the same. From which ignorance is taught that the incomprehensible maximum is that to which the minimum is not opposed, but in it center is circumference. You see how the whole maximum is most perfectly within every simple and indivisible thing, because infinite center; and outside everything embracing all, because infinite circumference; and penetrating all, because infinite diameter. The principle of all, because center; the end of all, because circumference; the middle of all, because diameter. Efficient cause, because center; formal, because diameter; final, because circumference. Giving being, because center; governing, because diameter; conserving, because circumference. And many like things. You apprehend therefore through intellect how the maximum is the same as nothing nor diverse from anything, and how all things are in it, from it and through it, because circumference, diameter, and center. Not that it is either circle or circumference, diameter or center, but the maximum alone most simple, which is investigated through these paradigms and is found to embrace all things that are and are not, and so that not-being in it is maximal being, just as the minimum is maximum. And the measure of every circulation, which is from potency into act and returning from act into potency, of composition from principles to individuals and of resolution of individuals to principles, and of perfect circular forms and circular operations and motions upon themselves and returning to their principle, and of all like things, whose unity consists in a certain circular perpetuity. Many things could here be drawn concerning the perfection of unity from this circular figure which, since they can easily be drawn by anyone according to what precedes, I pass over for brevity. Note only this, when being admonishes, how every theology is circular and posited in a circle, so much so that even the words of the attributes are verified of one another circularly, as highest justice is highest truth and highest truth is highest justice, and so of all — from which, if you would extend the inquiry, infinite theological things already evident will be able to become most manifest to you.

Capitulum XXII: Book One: How the Providence of God Unites Contradictories.

Capitulum XXIII: Book One: The Transfer of the Infinite Sphere to the Actual Existence of God.

Capitulum XXIV: Book One: On the Name of God and Affirmative Theology.

Capitulum XXV: Book One: The Gentiles Named God Variously in Respect of Creatures.

Capitulum XXVI: Book One: On Negative Theology.

Liber secundus

Book Two: Prologue

Capitulum I: Book Two: Preliminary Corollaries for Inferring the One Infinite Universe.

Capitulum II: Book Two: How the Being of the Creature Is Unintelligibly from the Being of the First.

Capitulum III: Book Two: How the Maximum Enfolds and Unfolds All Things Intellectually.

Capitulum IV: Book Two: How the Universe, the Contracted Maximum, Is Only a Likeness of the Absolute.

Capitulum V: Book Two: Each Thing in Each Thing.

Capitulum VI: Book Two: On the Enfolding and the Degrees of Contraction of the Universe.

Capitulum VII: Book Two: On the Trinity of the Universe.

Capitulum VIII: Book Two: On the Possibility or Matter of the Universe.

Capitulum IX: Book Two: On the Soul or Form of the Universe.

Capitulum X: Book Two: On the Spirit of Universals.

Capitulum XI: Book Two: Corollaries on Motion.

Capitulum XII: Book Two: On the Conditions of the Earth.

Capitulum XIII: Book Two: On the Admirable Divine Art in the Creation of the World and the Elements.

Liber tertius

Book Three: Prologue

Capitulum I: Book Three: That a Maximum Contracted to This or That, Than Which a Greater Cannot Be, Cannot Exist Without the Absolute.

Capitulum II: Book Three: That the Contracted Maximum Is Also Absolute, Creator and Creature.

Capitulum III: Book Three: How in the Nature of Humanity Alone Such a Maximum Is Possible.

Capitulum IV: Book Three: How He Himself Is Jesus, the Blessed God and Man.

Capitulum V: Book Three: How Christ, Conceived Through the Holy Spirit, Was Born of the Virgin Mary.

Capitulum VI: Book Three: The Mystery of the Death of Jesus Christ.

Capitulum VII: Book Three: On the Mystery of the Resurrection.

Capitulum VIII: Book Three: That Christ, the Firstfruits of Them That Sleep, Ascended into the Heavens.

Capitulum IX: Book Three: That Christ Is the Judge of the Living and the Dead.

Capitulum X: Book Three: On the Sentence of the Judge.

Capitulum XI: Book Three: The Mysteries of Faith.

Capitulum XII: Book Three: On the Church.

Epistle of the Author

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