De docta ignorantia

Nicholas of Cusa

De docta ignorantia

Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464)

De docta ignorantia (On Learned Ignorance, 1440), in three books: the absolute maximum (God), the contracted maximum (universe), and Jesus Christ. Latin text transcribed from the Rotta 1913 Bari edition.


Prologue

Liber primus

Capitulum I: Book One: How Knowing Is Being Ignorant.

Capitulum II: Book One: Preliminary Elucidation of What Follows.

Capitulum III: Book One: That Precise Truth Is Incomprehensible.

Since it is manifest of itself that there is no proportion of the infinite to the finite, it is also most clear from this that where exceeding and exceeded are found, one does not arrive at the maximum simply, since things exceeding and exceeded are finite, while such a maximum is necessarily infinite. Given therefore anything whatever that is not the maximum simply itself, it is manifest that a greater can be given. And since we find equality to be gradual, so that one thing is more equal to one thing than to another according to generic, specific, local, influential, and temporal agreement and difference, with the like: it is plain that neither two nor more things can be found so similar and equal but that still more similar ones could be in infinitum. Hence measure and measured, however equal, will always remain different. The finite intellect therefore cannot precisely understand the truth of things through likeness. For truth is neither more nor less, consisting in a certain indivisible point, which everything existing that is not the true itself cannot precisely measure; just as what is not a circle cannot measure the circle, whose being consists in a certain indivisible point. The intellect, therefore, which is not the truth, never comprehends the truth so precisely that it could not be comprehended more precisely to infinity, standing to the truth as a polygon to a circle, which, the more angles it has inscribed, is the more like the circle, yet never becomes equal, even if it multiplies its angles to infinity, unless it resolves itself into identity with the circle. It is plain, therefore, that of the true we know nothing other than that we know it to be precisely incomprehensible as it is, truth standing as the most absolute necessity, which can be neither more nor less than it is, and our intellect as possibility. The quiddity of things, therefore, which is the truth of beings, is in its purity unattainable, investigated by all philosophers but found by none as it is; and the more profoundly learned we shall have been in this ignorance, the more we shall draw near to truth itself.

Capitulum IV: Book One: The Absolute Maximum Is Understood Incomprehensibly, with Which the Minimum Coincides.

Capitulum V: Book One: The Maximum Is One.

Capitulum VI: Book One: The Maximum Is Absolute Necessity.

Capitulum VII: Book One: On the Threefold and One Eternity.

Capitulum VIII: Book One: On the Eternal Generation.

Capitulum IX: Book One: On the Eternal Procession of the Connexion.

Capitulum X: Book One: How the Understanding of the Trinity in Unity Surpasses All Things.

Capitulum XI: Book One: That Mathematics Aids Us Greatly in the Apprehension of Diverse Divine Things.

Capitulum XII: Book One: How Mathematical Signs Are to Be Used in This Inquiry.

Capitulum XIII: Book One: On the Properties of the Maximal and Infinite Line.

Capitulum XIV: Book One: How the Infinite Line Is a Triangle.

Capitulum XV: Book One: That That Triangle Is a Circle and a Sphere.

Capitulum XVI: Book One: How the Maximum Stands Translatively to All Things, as the Greatest Line Stands to Lines.

Capitulum XVII: Book One: The Profoundest Doctrines from the Same Source.

Capitulum XVIII: Book One: How from the Same Source We Are Led by the Hand to the Understanding of the Participation of Beingness.

Capitulum XIX: Book One: The Transfer of the Triangle to the Greatest Trinity.

Capitulum XX: Book One: Still Concerning the Trinity, and That Quaternity and Beyond Are Not Possible in Divine Things.

Capitulum XXI: Book One: The Transfer of the Infinite Circle to Unity.

Capitulum XXII: Book One: How the Providence of God Unites Contradictories.

Capitulum XXIII: Book One: The Transfer of the Infinite Sphere to the Actual Existence of God.

Capitulum XXIV: Book One: On the Name of God and Affirmative Theology.

Capitulum XXV: Book One: The Gentiles Named God Variously in Respect of Creatures.

Capitulum XXVI: Book One: On Negative Theology.

Liber secundus

Book Two: Prologue

Capitulum I: Book Two: Preliminary Corollaries for Inferring the One Infinite Universe.

Capitulum II: Book Two: How the Being of the Creature Is Unintelligibly from the Being of the First.

Capitulum III: Book Two: How the Maximum Enfolds and Unfolds All Things Intellectually.

Capitulum IV: Book Two: How the Universe, the Contracted Maximum, Is Only a Likeness of the Absolute.

Capitulum V: Book Two: Each Thing in Each Thing.

Capitulum VI: Book Two: On the Enfolding and the Degrees of Contraction of the Universe.

Capitulum VII: Book Two: On the Trinity of the Universe.

Capitulum VIII: Book Two: On the Possibility or Matter of the Universe.

Capitulum IX: Book Two: On the Soul or Form of the Universe.

Capitulum X: Book Two: On the Spirit of Universals.

Capitulum XI: Book Two: Corollaries on Motion.

Capitulum XII: Book Two: On the Conditions of the Earth.

Capitulum XIII: Book Two: On the Admirable Divine Art in the Creation of the World and the Elements.

Liber tertius

Book Three: Prologue

Capitulum I: Book Three: That a Maximum Contracted to This or That, Than Which a Greater Cannot Be, Cannot Exist Without the Absolute.

Capitulum II: Book Three: That the Contracted Maximum Is Also Absolute, Creator and Creature.

Capitulum III: Book Three: How in the Nature of Humanity Alone Such a Maximum Is Possible.

Capitulum IV: Book Three: How He Himself Is Jesus, the Blessed God and Man.

Capitulum V: Book Three: How Christ, Conceived Through the Holy Spirit, Was Born of the Virgin Mary.

Capitulum VI: Book Three: The Mystery of the Death of Jesus Christ.

Capitulum VII: Book Three: On the Mystery of the Resurrection.

Capitulum VIII: Book Three: That Christ, the Firstfruits of Them That Sleep, Ascended into the Heavens.

Capitulum IX: Book Three: That Christ Is the Judge of the Living and the Dead.

Capitulum X: Book Three: On the Sentence of the Judge.

Capitulum XI: Book Three: The Mysteries of Faith.

Capitulum XII: Book Three: On the Church.

Epistle of the Author

↑ Top of work