De natura et gratia libri III, cum Apologia contra Catharinum
Domingo de Soto (1494–1560)
De natura & gratia libri III, cum Apologia contra Catharinum
First published 1550
Domingo de Soto's De natura et gratia libri III, written for the debates at the Council of Trent, with the Apologia contra Catharinum and the Council's decrees on original sin and justification as printed with it, in Latin with an original English translation.
Liber I: On Nature and Grace, Book I
Praefatio I: Preface addressed to the holy Fathers of the Council of Trent
Capitulum I: Chapter 2. — On the names, nature, and grace
Capitulum II: Chapter 3. — On man conceived in pure nature
Capitulum III: Chapter 4. — What offices man in pure nature could perform
Capitulum IV: Chapter 5. — On the state of man in original justice
Capitulum V: Chapter 6. — What man in the state of integral nature could naturally accomplish of good works
Capitulum VI: Chapter 7. — On original sin, namely into whom it passed
Capitulum VII: Chapter 8. — On the cause and reason of original sin
Capitulum VIII: Chapter 9. — Whereby the account of original sin is concluded
Capitulum IX: Chapter 10. — Against the recent Pelagians on original sin
Capitulum X: Chapter 11. — Against the Lutherans on original sin
Capitulum XI: Chapter 12. — Whereby the arguments of the Lutherans are weighed
Capitulum XII: Chapter 13. — On the effects of original sin
Capitulum XIII: Chapter 14. — On the punishment of original sin
Capitulum XIV: Chapter 15. — On free will toward good
Capitulum XV: Chapter 16. — Whereby the arguments appearing to the contrary are answered
Capitulum XVI: Chapter 17. — On free will toward evil
Capitulum XVII: Chapter 18. — On dissolving the arguments of the adversaries
Capitulum XVIII: Chapter 19. — What man can do by free will while he is in sin
Capitulum XIX: Chapter 20. — Whether without the special help of grace man can in any part act well morally
Capitulum XX: Chapter 21. — In which the objections are answered
Capitulum XXI: Chapter 22. — On the love of God and the fulfilment of the commandments
Capitulum XXII: Chapter 23. — Whereby the adversaries are answered
Liber II: On Nature and Grace, Book II
Capitulum I: Chapter 1. — On the disposition for grace
Capitulum II: Chapter 2. — Whereby the objections of the adversaries are refuted
Capitulum III: Chapter 3. — On the special help of God
Capitulum IV: Chapter 4. — On merit of congruity
Capitulum V: Chapter 5. — Whereby the Lutherans' error on justification is set out
Capitulum VI: Chapter 6. — Whereby the terms of the controversy are set out
Capitulum VII: Chapter 7. — What faith without works confers
Capitulum VIII: Chapter 8. — On the cause of the effect of faith without works
Capitulum IX: Chapter 9. — On the causes of justification
Capitulum X: Chapter 10. — On the justification of an infant before the use of reason
Capitulum XI: Chapter 11. — On the justification of adults in general
Capitulum XII: Chapter 12. — On the justification of an adult from original sin alone
Capitulum XIII: Chapter 13. — On the justification of adults from actual sins
Capitulum XIV: Chapter 14. — On the difference between attrition and contrition
Capitulum XV: Chapter 15. — On the difference between baptism and the sacrament of penance
Capitulum XVI: Chapter 16. — Whether another act of charity than contrition suffices
Capitulum XVII: Chapter 17. — On the formal causes: how grace and the virtues are distinguished
Capitulum XVIII: Chapter 18. — On the same formal causes: how they justify
Capitulum XIX: Chapter 19. — On the formal causes of justification against the Lutherans
Capitulum XX: Chapter 20. — On the justice of Christ imputed to us
Capitulum XXI: Chapter 21. — On the interpretation of divine Scripture, in which places faith alone seems to be declared the cause of justification
Liber III: On Nature and Grace, Book III
Capitulum I: Chapter 1. — On the obligation of the just to observe the law
Capitulum II: Chapter 2. — On the exposition of the law
Capitulum III: Chapter 3. — On the fulfilment of the law in general
Capitulum IV: Chapter 4. — On the fulfilment of the law in particular
Capitulum V: Chapter 5. — For answering the adversaries
Capitulum VI: Chapter 6. — On satisfaction
Capitulum VII: Chapter 7. — On the merit of works that proceed from grace
Capitulum VIII: Chapter 8. — On merit against the Lutherans
Capitulum IX: Chapter 9. — Whereby the adversaries' arguments are answered
Capitulum X: Chapter 10. — On the certainty of faith against the Lutherans
Capitulum XI: Chapter 11. — Whereby the same certainty of grace is disputed with certain Catholics
Capitulum XII: Chapter 12. — Whereby the same truth is corroborated by the testimonies of Scripture and the saints
Capitulum XIII: Chapter 13. — Whereby the objections of the opposing party are answered
Apologia I: Apology against the Reverend Bishop Catharinus
Capitulum I: Chapter 2. — Whereby the state of the case and the controversy is established
Capitulum II: Chapter 3. — Whereby the true opinion is confirmed
Capitulum III: Chapter 4. — Whereby the first treatise of the Reverend Catharinus is answered
Capitulum IV: Chapter 5. — Whereby the second treatise is answered
Decretum I: Decree on Original Sin
Canones I: Canons on Original Sin
Decretum II: Decree on Justification
Capitulum I: Chapter 1. — On the weakness of nature and of the law for justifying men
Capitulum II: Chapter 2. — On the dispensation and mystery of the coming of Christ
Capitulum III: Chapter 3. — Those who are justified through Christ
Capitulum IV: Chapter 4. — The description of the justification of the impious and of its movement in the state of grace is set out
Capitulum V: Chapter 5. — On the necessity of preparation for justification in adults, and whence it comes
Capitulum VI: Chapter 6. — The manner of preparation
Capitulum VII: Chapter 7. — What the justification of the impious is, and what its causes are
Capitulum VIII: Chapter 8. — How it is understood that the impious is justified by faith and gratis
Capitulum IX: Chapter 9. — Against the empty confidence of the heretics
Capitulum X: Chapter 10. — On the received increase of justification
Capitulum XI: Chapter 11. — On the observance of God's commandments, and its necessity and possibility
Capitulum XII: Chapter 12. — That the rash presumption of predestination is to be avoided
Capitulum XIII: Chapter 13. — On the gift of perseverance
Similarly, concerning the gift of perseverance, of which it is written, He who perseveres to the end, he shall be saved (which indeed cannot be obtained from elsewhere, except from him who is able to establish him who stands so that he stands perseveringly, and to restore him who falls), let no one promise himself anything certain with absolute certainty. Although all ought to place and repose a most firm hope in the help of God. For God, unless they themselves fail his grace, just as he began the good work, so will he perfect it, working to will and to perfect. Nevertheless, let those who think they stand see that they do not fall, and with fear and trembling work out their salvation, in labours, in watchings, in almsdeeds, in prayers and oblations, in fastings, in chastity. For they ought to fear, knowing that they are born again into the hope of glory, and not yet into glory, concerning the struggle that remains with the flesh, with the world, with the devil, in which they cannot be victors unless with the grace of God they obey the Apostle, saying, We are debtors, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh: for if you live according to the flesh, you shall die: but if by the spirit you mortify the deeds of the flesh, you shall live.